Pollution Essay: Don’t Blame Me for Global Warming -- Environment, Clim

In excess of 17,000 researchers have marked an appeal saying human exercises don't take steps to upset the atmosphere. This staggering measure of individuals has been advised to not be right by one assortment of individuals. This body is our administration, for a long time now they have talked about the ghastly circumstances originating from an Earth-wide temperature boost. This looks bad; with the realities and data that we have gotten throughout the years they despite everything bolster this crazy thought. People never really add to an Earth-wide temperature boost; the sporadic atmosphere occasions are simply characteristic events. These events are no more interesting to our history either. (â€Å"Global Warm Up†)(â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth†) The latest instance of noteworthy warming was between the years 1850 and 1940. Most researchers state this ascent in warmth was not brought about by nursery gasses. On the off chance that this was not brought about by nursery gasses, it demonstrates that there are seasons of sporadic warming of the world. There have been different events of sporadic warmth. The greatest and most compelling event is known as the MWP. (â€Å"The Real 'Awkward Truth'†) (â€Å"Medieval Warm Period†) The MWP, or Medieval Warm Period, happened between AD 950 and AD 1250. It was a time of warmth, surpassing the temperatures of the late twentieth century. Individuals for an unnatural weather change have said that human exercises add to causing an Earth-wide temperature boost. Utilizing the MWP as confirmation, we realize that we people were not adding to nursery gasses. Supporters of a dangerous atmospheric devation state that we add to nursery gasses which thus influence the temperature. In the event that this is valid, for what reason would the temperature rise 1000 years prior on the off chance that we didn’t even make nursery gasses? It’s in light of the fact that what's going on this moment, is only a characteristic occasion. To check this sta... ...eenhouse impact. I realize that individuals have their feelings, some informed and some not, my assessment is that we don't cause the nursery impact which thusly implies we don’t cause an unnatural weather change. Works Cited Barry Wigmore â€Å"Global warming? It’s common state experts† DailyMail. 13 September 2007. Web. 22, 2010. Carnage, Albert. An Inconvenient Truth: the Crisis of Global Warming. New York: Viking, 2007. Print. Carnage, Albert. Our Choice: a Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis. Emmaus, PA: Rodale, 2009. Print. Manav, Tanneeru â€Å"Global warming: A characteristic cycle or human result?† CNN. 11 June, 2007. Web. 22 Nov, 2010. Morgan, Sally. A dangerous atmospheric devation. Chicago, IL: Heinemann Library, 2003. Print. â€Å"Global Warm Up† A Round Table. N.d.Web. 22 Nov, 2010. â€Å"The Real 'Badly designed Truth'† Junk Science. N.d. Web. 22 Nov, 2010. â€Å"Medieval Warm Period† Wikipedia. N.d. Web. 22 Nov, 2010.

Convicts to Australia - Researching Convict Ancestors

Convicts to Australia - Researching Convict Ancestors From the appearance of the First Fleet at Botany Bay in January 1788 to the last shipment of convicts to Western Australia in 1868, more than 162,000 convicts were moved to Australia and New Zealand to carry out their punishments as slave work. Almost 94 percent of these convicts to Australia were English and Welsh (70%) or Scottish (24%), with an extra 5 percent originating from Scotland. Convicts were likewise shipped to Australia from British stations in India and Canada, in addition to Maoris from New Zealand, Chinese from Hong Kong and slaves from the Caribbean. Who Were The Convicts? The first motivation behind convict transportation to Australia was foundation of a punitive state to mitigate pressure on the overburdened English restorative offices following the finish of convict transportation to the American provinces. Most of the 162,000 picked for transportation were poor and ignorant, with most sentenced for theft. From around 1810, convicts were viewed as a work hotspot for building and looking after streets, scaffolds, town halls and clinics. Most female convicts were sent to female manufacturing plants, basically constrained work camps, to work off their sentence. Convicts, both male and female, likewise worked for private managers, for example, free pilgrims and little land holders. Where Were The Convicts Sent? The area of enduring records identified with convict precursors in Australia to a great extent relies upon where they were sent. Early convicts to Australia were sent to the state of New South Wales, however by the mid-1800s they were likewise being sent straightforwardly to goals, for example, Norfolk Island, Van Diemens Land (present-day Tasmania), Port Macquarie and Moreton Bay. The main convicts to Western Australia showed up in 1850, additionally the site of the last convict transport appearance inâ 1868. 1,750 convicts known as the Exiles showed up in Victoria from Britain somewhere in the range of 1844 and 1849. English transportation records of criminal transportees depicted on the site of the UK National Archives are the best wagered for figuring out where a convict progenitor was at first sent in Australia. You can likewise look through the British convict transportation registers 1787â€1867â or Ireland-Australia transportation database online to scan for convicts sent to the Australian province. Great Behavior, Tickets of Leave and Pardons In the event that polite after their appearance in Australia, convicts once in a while served their full term. Great conduct qualified them for a Ticket of Leave, a Certificate of Freedom, Conditional Pardon or even an Absolute Pardon. A Ticket of Leave, first gave to convicts who appeared to be ready to help themselves, and later to convicts after a set time of qualification, permitted the convicts to live freely and work for their own wages while staying subject to checking a trial period. The ticket, once gave, could be pulled back for trouble making. For the most part a convict got qualified for a Ticket of Leave following 4 years for a multi year sentence, following 6 years for a multi year sentence, and following 10 years for a lifelong incarceration. Absolutions were commonly conceded to convicts with life sentences, shortening their sentence by giving opportunity. A restrictive exoneration required the liberated convict to stay in Australia, while a flat out acquittal permitted the liberated convict to come back to the U.K. on the off chance that they picked. Those convicts who didn't get an absolution and finished their sentence were given a Certificate of Freedom. Duplicates of these Certificates of Freedom and related records may for the most part be found in the state chronicles where the convict was last held. The State Archives of New South Wales, for instance, offers an online Index to Certificates of Freedom, 1823â€69. More Sources for Researching Convicts Sent to Australia Online Australias early convict records, 1788-1801 incorporates the names of more than 12,000 convicts shipped to New South Wales.The Tasmanian Names Index incorporates convicts (1803â€1893) andâ convict authorizations to wed (1829â€1857).The Fremantle Prison Convict Database fills in as an online file to Western Australia convict registers.Over 140,000 records are accessible in the New South Wales Convict Index, includingâ certificates of opportunity, financial balances, passings, exceptions from government work, pardons, tickets of leave, and tickets of leave international IDs. Were Convicts Also Sent to New Zealand? In spite of confirmations from the British government that NO convicts would be sent to the juvenile settlement of New Zealand, two boats shipped gatherings of Parkhurst disciples to New Zealand the St. Georgeâ carrying 92 young men showed up at Auckland on 25 October 1842, and the Mandarin with a heap of 31 young men on 14 November 1843. These Parkhurst apprenticesâ were little youngsters, most between the ages of 12 and 16, who had been condemned to Parkhurst, a jail for youthful male guilty parties situated on the Isle of Wight. The Parkhurst understudies, a large portion of whom were indicted for minor violations, for example, taking, were restored at Parkhurst, with preparing in occupations, for example, carpentry, shoemaking and fitting, and afterward banished to serve out the rest of their sentence. The Parkhurst young men picked for transport to New Zealand were among the best of the gathering, delegated either free displaced people or frontier disciples, with the p ossibility that while New Zealand would not acknowledge convicts, they would readily acknowledge prepared work. This didn't turn out well with the occupants of Auckland, be that as it may, who mentioned that no further convicts be sent to the settlement. In spite of their unfavorable start, numerous relatives of the Parkhurst Boysâ became recognized residents of New Zealand.

Ten Books to Read if Youre Already Mourning Sense8

Ten Books to Read if Youre Already Mourning Sense8 On Thursday, Netflix announced that Sense8 would not continue past its first season. Fans around the world were devastated  (I actually cried). The show is one of the most diverse, representative, and truly global shows out there, not to mention stunningly shot, and now its been cut off after its second session of what was meant to be a five-season arc. I saw Lana Wachowski talk about the show in Chicago in March. She said that the most important theme of her ambitious show  is empathy.  Sense8 is about connecting deeply with others, seeing and understanding their experiences and plights, no matter how different to yours, and having absolute respect for where theyre coming from and where theyre going. Unfortunately, were unlikely to see more Sense8 in the near future. For now, all I can offer you are ten books that will help you expand your mind into the realm of other peoples diverse worlds and minds. We may not be sensates, but the next best thing we have for diving into the minds of other people is books. Redefining Realness  by Janet Mock. In this memoir,  Janet Mock relays her experiences of growing up young, multiracial, poor, and trans in America.  Mock uses the story of her own quest for identity to shine light on the challenges that face  trans youth.   Exit West by Mohsin Hamid.  Saeed and Nadia live and work as office clerks in a city full of refugees. When they have to flee, they find themselves using a system of fictitious doors that lead to locations around the world. Its fiction, but tells the story of two refugees desperately trying to reach safety. They Cant Kill Us All  by Wesley Lowery. Lowery, a reporter for the Washington Post, conducted hundreds of interviews over the course of one year in Ferguson, Cleveland, Charleston, Baltimore, and more, trying to uncover life inside the most heavily policed corners of America today. The Fire This Time: A New Generation Speaks about Race edited by Jesmyn Ward.  Jesmyn Ward takes James Baldwin’s 1963 examination of race in America, The Fire Next Time, as a jumping off point for this collection of essays and poems about race. In the Country We Love: My Family Divided  by Diane Guerrero. Guerrero tells her story about being a young teenager when her parents were deported. It shows many of the flaws in the system of the United States  regarding immigration. The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas. Thomass  novel featuring the Black Lives Matter movement has been taking the YA world by storm, and for good reason. Starr Carter is a funny, determined heroine, and the novel begins just before we see  a scene of police brutality play out before her eyes.   The Vegetarian by Han Kang. Its a haunting allegorical novel about modern-day South Korea, that also tells the story of  Yeong-hye and her obsessions and trauma. It has OCD and anorexia rep, and is a twisted, strange story of attempting to understand others.   The Corpse Washer by Sinan Antoon. This novel takes place  in Iraq during the late 1980s. A fellow Rioter described it as an incredibly moving story about how war takes away possibilities from entire generations, and the first book they read that really made them see what its like to be a normal civilian trapped in a country under attack. Hyperbole and a Half: Unfortunate Situations, Flawed Coping Mechanisms, Mayhem, and Other Things That Happened by Allie Brosh. This funny graphic novel is somehow the closest a book has come to capturing how I feel about my own depression and anxiety. Brosh captures mental illness through a hilarious, relatable look into her own everyday struggles. Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body by Roxane Gay. This one isnt out yet, but were now only two weeks away from Gays searingly honest memoir of food, weight, self-image, and learning how to feed your hunger while taking care of yourself. Gay  explores what it means to take care of yourself in one of the most important releases of the year. Are you mourning Sense8? Do you have recommendations for this list? Let me know in the comments.

6 Common Spruce Tree Ranges in North America

Managing Conflict At A Dental Clinic Manager - 2108 Words

Conflict at any time is inevitable in the workplace setting; Working on a military Installation as a dental clinic manager they also can have problems with conflict. Conflict can arise between co-workers, supervisors and subordinates and or between employees and customers, suppliers and regulatory agencies. How, you as the manager handle conflict with your spouse can be completely different than how you handle conflict with a co-worker especially in a manager’s perspective. Managing conflict is a key in management proficiency that all managers should study. Practicing effective conflict management skills will help to maintain a positive workplace environment for employers and employees. As a manager one must acknowledge that they control how a department will function, working in a dental clinic a department manager’s position is crucial for an organization because they are the reference that serves the entire operation. This leader has to believe in the foundation of the company by acting accordingly into their role. A manager wears many hats and needs to know what role they must play in order to be successful. An organization should recognize that at times conflict can arise in the workplace and a systematic process should be followed. There are various types of conflict and guidelines to effectively resolve conflict to which they are addressed. Conflict management is the process of preparing to avoid conflict and organizing to resolve conflict where it does happen,Show MoreRelatedManager s Perspective For Resolving Conflicts2328 Words   |  10 Pagesperspective for resolving conflicts. (Dental Clinic) Purpose: To Educate Managers of a Dental Clinic on how to handle conflict in the workplace. Conflict at anytime is inevitable in the workplace setting’ working on a Military installation as a dental clinic manager may also have tribulations with conflict. Conflict can arise between co-workers, supervisors and subordinates, employees and customers, and/or suppliers and regulatory agencies. How, the manager handles conflict with a spouse can be completelyRead MoreNegotiating With Someone You Know Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesNegotiating with Someone You Know We will always find things in life that we wish we could change. The things people wish to negotiate can vary in nature from wanting to work closer to home, wishing their pay scale was higher, hoping we had better managers, or wishing for better working conditions. If we are lucky, there will come a point in our lives where we are going to be in a position to be able to have some sort of control over the things we wish to change. When presented with the opportunityRead MoreBaque-Manalang Dental Clinic Online Reservation4720 Words   |  19 Pagesreservation for dental clinic via online services. The objective of online reservation is to reduce the effort and the time for the customers to set appointment and to receive services and improved the reservation validation efficiency. Background of the study Baque-Manalang Clinic is a dental clinic located at Hilario St., Ligtasan, Tarlac, Tarlac. It is owned by Dr. Eillen B. Manalang, DMD, established since 1992. The said clinic is operated by one dentist, two dental assistants, one dental photographerRead MoreDental Patient Management System12401 Words   |  50 Pagesbrief introduction for the structure of the project. 2.1 OVERVIEW Dental Chambers is a dental clinic at Wellawatte which has about 500 regular patients. They provide better treatment for their patients and hence have a very good patient’s base. They give solutions for their patients by referring the past treatment records. And the patients are also much satisfied with the approach. But the difficulty the Dental Chambers face is to serve their patient on time. Since they maintain all theRead MoreOrganizational Analysis Essay examples1729 Words   |  7 PagesRetail-Based Medical Center Operator (more than 11 million Minute Clinic patient visits to date) and lastly Retail Loyalty Program(more than 69 million active Extra Care customers). The acting CEO is Larry Merlo and acting Human Resources manager is Lisa Bisaccia, whom accepted the position on January 1, 2010. Her initiatives for CVS is to enhance compensation practices, restructure human resources processing functions, and successfully managing all human resources support for the retail businesses. Read MoreThe Key Of Effective Leadership1779 Words   |  8 Pagesdesigned with a middle manager, who reports to the boss and, in turn supervises and communicates with others (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 101). The dual authority system also has a boss, but has two individuals in the management layer and the two individuals have authority over specific areas of the group s work (Bolman Deal, 2013, p. 99). For example, in my current organization, we work under the simple hierarchy system. There is our battalion commander, the boss. He has one manager, the executive officerRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pages898-4506 before submitting your form . vii 2006 Additional Information Needed Form Page 1 of 2 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award The following information is needed by the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Program Office to avoid conflicts of interest when assigning Examiners to evaluate your application and by Examiners in performing their evaluations. 1. Site Listing and Descriptors Please refer to the instructions on page 19 of the PDF version of the Baldrige Award ApplicationRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pages(800) 898-4506 before submitting your form. vii 2006 Additional Information Needed Form Page 1 of 2 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award The following information is needed by the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Program Office to avoid conflicts of interest when assigning Examiners to evaluate your application and by Examiners in performing their evaluations. 1. Site Listing and Descriptors Please refer to the instructions on page 19 of the PDF version of the Baldrige Award Application FormsRead MoreLeading Strategies Change at Davita3331 Words   |  14 Pagesa popular acronym in the company; being considered â€Å"good at GSD† was the highest compliment a teammate could receive) persons were sent to the billing office, to work on collections and to fix the cash flow problem. In May 2000 more than 400 clinic managers, plus people from corporate headquarters assembled in Phoenix Arizona, for the first of what has become an annual ,corporate-wide meeting. At this first meeting suggestions for a new name for the company were presented. The company’s teammatesRead MoreAn Overview Of Theories Of Strategic Management And Its Application For Private Healthcare Organization Essay2173 Words   |  9 PagesSince 1980, expenditure on healthcare has increased by four times in United States. With the amount and pace of change showing no signs of settling down, the g reatest challenge faced by healthcare managers is to plan amidst the challenging situation. There is immense pressure to reduce the cost of healthcare system and improve quality of healthcare at the same time (Chapter 1, 2016).Therefore, in order to manage this challenging situation successfully and to plan effectively against future challenges

Pest Analysis of Sainsburys in a 3rd World Country Free Essays

Introduction of the Company : Sainsburys is the third largest chain of super markets in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1869 and has been growing all over the United Kingdom ever since, and today operates over 1000 super markets and convenience stores and employees over 150,000 employees and captures more than 16% of the market share. It is also listed on the London Stock Exchange and is the constituent of the FTSE 100 index. We will write a custom essay sample on Pest Analysis of Sainsburys in a 3rd World Country or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sainsburys not only provides products to its customers but also services to some extent. The products and services offered by Sainsburys have a wide range from food and drinks to energy providing, clothing to insurance, appliances to banking facilities. Sainsburys has been a growing entity at a growing rate. Though TESCO has overtaken Sainsburys to become the market leader and has expanded not only in United Kingdom but also outside the United Kingdom such as Europe, Asia and North America. Since TESCO has always been a strong competitor of Sainsburys so Sainsburys also has this intention to expand outside United Kingdom, too. It is necessary for a firm or company to carry out a PEST analysis either as a new entrant or to exist and survive in the market to keep it’s self updated with the influence of the macro environmental factors. Introduction of PEST Analysis : PEST analysis stands for â€Å"political, economic, social and technological analysis†. PEST Analysis focuses on analysing the macro-environment in which a business or a firm operates. Each of these factors play a vital role in the overall business environment and one should consider these factors and have vital knowledge of them as they can either make you a success story or may end up shutting down the business. Political factors refer to the economic policy given by the government and the government intervention the economy. This includes areas such as tax policy, labour, law, tarrif and trade restrictions. Political stability is also quite important for the economic growth. While, governments have great influence on health, education and infrastructure of the nation. Interest rate, economic growth, monetary and fiscal policy, inflation and the exchange rates are the important economic factors. These factors play a vital role in a firm’s business strategy and decision making. Every country has it’s own culture and the nation has a strong impact on their living. The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country. Social  factors include the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, language, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes. Trends in social factors affect the demand for a company’s products and how that company operates. For example, the roles of men and women in the society. Furthermore, companies may change various management strategies to adapt to these social trends Technological  factors have vital place in PEST analysis. Some markets are labour intensive and some are capital intensive. Technological factors determine  barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence  outsourcing  decisions. It is one of the major drivers of globalization and is the base for competitive advantage. Innovation is offered to the customers or consumers through technology for example internet banking, smart phones etc. It also enables the firm to produce a product cheaply and to a better quality in standard. Pakistan is the sixth most populated country in the world with over 180 million people. It is estimated that the 25% of the population belongs to the middle income class. It is also estimated that 55% of the Pakistani population is in the 10-40 years age bracket. The upper middle-income class is estimated at 17 million with relatively high per capita income which favours more consumer spending. The average Pakistani consumer spends 42% of his income on food related products. The upcoming changes in demographic will create opportunities and challenges for businesses in Pakistan. Pakistan’s food retail sector is unorganised and highly dominated by independent small stores. Over the past few years, some large European food retailers have opened stores in all major Pakistani metropolitan cities like Makro, Metro and Carrefour (Hyper star). Pakistani families are attracted towards these stores due to their strategic location, multiple product range and imported processed food. Studies also show that there has been a significant shift to organized format of shopping from traditional format, in urban areas. This provides a challenging and profitable opportunity to other food retailers to enter the market. Sainsburys provides convenient shopping under one roof, has wide range of products, consumer friendly environment, large storage and discounted prices. These factors give Sainsburys an advantage over other food retailers currently present in Pakistan. If Sainsburys decides to enter in food retail sector then it has to perform a PEST analysis. PEST Analysis of Sainsburys in Pakistan : Political Factors : The political factors revolve around the current government in a country. Currently, in Pakistan, the ruling party is Pakistan People’s Party which was democratically elected in 2008. Though it is backed by western powers but still is considered to be a weak government. The basic questions arise such as how stable is the political or is there any government intervention in the economic policy making or laws and legislation protecting the businesses. Unfortunately, due to weak governments in the past, the security and corruption has been the key issues Pakistan has been facing over the the last decade. Which certainly is not a good sign for any foreign investors. However, giants in food-retail sectors like Metro and Carrefour ( hyper star) have set an example with an increasing growth in profit and expansion even in such circumstances. Sainsburys may enter in the Pakistani market with it’s variety of products which are available under one roof, as the increasing trend in urban areas shows, there will be high demand for it. Political factors may also include the goods and services which the governments want to provide or be provided. Sainsburys collects much of it’s revenue by selling it’s wide range of wines and spirits. Pakistani law prohibits the sale or consumption of any type of wines and spirits within its geographical boundaries, Sainsburys will not be allowed to sell it in their stores which may negatively affect their sales. Government of Pakistan ensures that there is foreign investment in Pakistan and it has signed a few trade agreements too. It also provides foreign investors the incentives to invest here. Partial ownership by the Pakistan government usually serves as an insurance policy for the share holders and the investors. Economic Factors: Extremely volatile oil prices are the root cause of global financial crisis in Pakistan which has also worsened the energy crisis. These two factors increase the cost of production. High inflation is a key resultant of it As Sainsburys produce much of it’s products in stores so they may go beyond their feasible region in producing a product. Interest rates are at their peak, economic growth is quite slow and this is due to the low level of lending and purchasing power of the consumer is weak. Though it is a labour intensive country and labour supply is quite high and also available at low cost than most other countries but unemployment is rising regardless of the above mentioned fact. The gap between rich and poor continues to expand and the percentage of poor is increasing everyday. However relatively quite cheaper labour may do a significant impact in Sainsburys production. It will also bring employment opportunities for young and skilled labour. Heavy loans from financial institutions like IMF and world bank has made the government in debt upto neck and there are no significant changes in sight. However financial aid packages in the name of war on terror and from the friends of Pakistan has kept the economy from collapsing. Pakistan has integrated with global economy and has brought positive impact on economy with increase in GDP. Despite of the worse conditions, Investing in such a country where cheap labour is available and more than half of the country’s population lies in the labour force, targeting middle-income class-keeping the fact in mind that government provides support to private investors would not be a bad decision. Social Factors : The culture and religion are very close to each other in Pakistan. As mentioned above this will affect the sales of wines and spirits of Sainsburys as it is not only prohibited by the dominant religion and prohibited by law but the targeted class does not accept it too. Health and Education are the two important sectors for any developing nations and Pakistan lack both of them and government of Pakistan fails to allocate the required budget in both the sectors. However, people like to shop and come with families to the big retail stores. There has been a significant shift from traditional to organized format. The studies show that 11% of the population tend to buy long life food related products in advance for a month. Sainsburys provides a healthy and safe environment to work with,which for a change would attract the people to work and shop here. In comparison to the past, women have also started to contribute in the labor force. Language will be a barrier for the citizens of Pakistan as english is not the first language in Pakistan. Buying imported products is considered a status symbol in Pakistan so there is a high demand for foreign products in Pakistan and is appreciated in the local market. According to studies people spend 42% of their income on food related products. So there will be high demand for a food related products provided by Sainsburys. Technological Factors : Technological expertise is overflowed in Pakistan as the labour supply and demand for IT professionals is high. There has been an improvement in the industrial sector but still the country’s imports are higher than exports. Since it is a labour intensive area and not capital intensive so use of technology higher the cost of production but shift to focus more on labour may help Sainsburys to produce it’s products relatively cheaper. There is also a trend of buying products online seen. Sainsburys already provides the service of buying it’s products online which saves much time so the typical â€Å"9-5† workforce can also be targeted. How to cite Pest Analysis of Sainsburys in a 3rd World Country, Papers

Political Risk free essay sample

Political Risk: is what happens when a company or companies face a series of political changes that could threaten its situation in a country. †¢Political Threat: is a situation when a company would eventually suffer a series of bad conditions on a certain market. †¢Political Changes: are a series of changes within the government of a country. †¢Micro Risk: a type of political risk that threatens the activities of a certain industry. Macro Risk: a type of political risk that threatens all the industries. †¢Violent Situations: Situations that risk the integrity of the people, the infrastructure, the economy among others in the country. †¢National Requirements: when a country forces a company to modify its circumstances to stay in the market. Introduction We studied the influence of political risk in business all around the world analyzing its definition through it. It is important to take into account that in business it is crucial to know about the political situation of a country because political risk is not always presented in the same way, it depends on the characteristics of the countries involved in the problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Risk or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We had a previous knowledge given by the teacher and we also had information obtained from the news we are constantly reading, but we did not have many examples of that because all the cases that could be examples of political risk took place in Latin America; all of them were extremely valid and onsonant with the definition we had of political risk, however we concluded that it could be less inspiring for our classmates because those cases are very well-known. That is the main reason we had to search cases that were not part of the public domain in the Colombian context and we decided to focus on cases from different parts of the world and in that order of ideas we could understand how companies face political risk. This study will help us to improve our knowledge in business and politics. Arguments First of all is very important to understand the definition of political risk. It is what happens when a company or companies face a series of political changes that could threaten its situation in a country. Any company could be affected by political changes, as well as any country could be affected by political risk situations derivative of political changes. The factors that lead to political risk are revolutions, wars, general elections, political reforms, among others. There are two types of risks that could affect a company, a market or an industry. Macro risk and micro risk; the first is the one that affects every company in every industry, and the second is the one that affects a specific industry and its companies. Another factor that threatens the development of an industry within a country is violence; it could be classified in three different kinds: terrorism, open-war and kidnapping. The national requirements are also a reason for political risk; this is when a country has a very high and strong protectionism or when the government forces companies to have a determined number of local products. When companies are victims of political risk there are some ways to fight it. If the company has security problems, the solution would be to contract a security agency and also an insurance agency; if the problem is because of the local or national requirements, the company should get a partner from that region or country; and the last one would be to create political pressure to fight the political problems. The first study case we found is about a Ukrainian company that was affected by political risk in Russia. Ukrainian iron and steel company Azovstal made its debut in the international bond markets this week, successfully selling $175m of bonds in loan participation note format yesterday (Thursday) through joint leads ING and Russia’s Moscow Narodny But while the company wanted to raise up to $200m in five year funds, Ukraine’s political volatility and the threat of further disputes with Russia over gas put paid to those ambitions as investors shied away from buying that typo and length of risk without a concession. (Ukraines Azovstal overcomes politics to sell $175m. (2006). Euroweek, 1-1. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/231056813? accountid=45662) This Company was the third largest steel producer in Ukraine by the year 2006, it had plans for expansion into the international market beginning with Russia. When Azovstal finally entered into the Russian market it had to face many problems from Moscow and Kiev. Both nations reached one of its worst moments in their relations during that time. Viktor Pynzenyk, then the finance minister resigned as a protest over the decision of Kiev to pay $95 per 1000 cubic meters of gas to Russia when they used to pay $50. That decision was made very close to the parliamentary election of that month and it was very bad for the then president of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenco. This crisis, at its worst moment, generated the worst threat from the Russian government to not sell more gas to Ukraine. Here we can see the Macro risk situation that Azovstal went through because the lack of gas supply could totally affect every Ukrainian company. Azovstal, which had already planned to convert its machinery to use coal, decided to anticipate it to prevent itself of shortage; after many weeks both governments reached an agreement, even so, Azovstal had to make many reforms, it had to modify its internationalization plans that were based on the entrance into the Slavic countries because of the frequent diplomatic conflicts that it had with Belarus; finally they decided to enter into the Middle East market. The second study case we found was about a Chinese company; when it tried to enter into the Vietnamese market it had to face a prices war, very high tariffs and the lack of help from the government and people. â€Å"The Lifan Group would particularly welcome new opportunities. Competition in motorcycles has become intense, and profit margins are falling. The group has a big share of the export market to Vietnam, but there too it faces rapidly growing competition and vicious price wars. (Business: The communist entrepreneur; face value. (2003, Mar 29). The Economist, 366(8317), 74-62. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/224030774? accountid=45662). Lifan Group entered into the Vietnamese market in the late 90’s but it had to face very bad conditions because it was a foreign company, besides this, Hanoi implemented very strong protectionist politics to prevent the national industry to be affected by foreign companies; this is a Macro risk situation against Vietn amese politics. Another fact that did not help too much was that Lifan was a Chinese company and the relations between Beijing and Hanoi were not the best. To face this situation Lifan company countered by two fronts; in first instance it allied with a Vietnamese company for assembling cars in Vietnam, they do that in a direct way in order to improve their situation and they obtained good results because it reduced the high tariffs and the negative influence from the ones who don’t trust in China. If the cars were assembled in Vietnam it would help more to Hanoi than if they imported them. The second fact that helped Lifan Group to face this situation of political risk was the gain of political influence in the original China when the directives of Lifan reached positions in the Chinese communist party, they ensure the Chinese help in case of any misfortune. Conclusion As future business people we know the importance to keep in touch with the daily information of the world. Political Risk rates in a country are an essential part of a business, by them we could know if it is feasible to invest in a country or in a company in a determined country, also if the debut of a company in another country will be successful or not and if the people in that foreign country will accept the company and its products or services based on their politics or government.

Health Promotion Teaching Plan Essay Example

Health Promotion Teaching Plan Essay Example Health Promotion Teaching Plan Essay Health Promotion Teaching Plan Essay My emphasis in this assignment is to develop, implement, and assess a teaching plan concentrated on good nutrition and daily exercise for school age children. The early years are a critical time for founding good eating habits and attitude about food and exercise. Children who are obese are more likely to be obese as adults. This is a major public health risk to the wellbeing of children. Recent literature supports the positive effects of good nutrition on the brain development and mental health. Limited exercise in school age children is linked to decreased performance on standardized test scores. Healthy eating and exercise not only directly affect a childs long term health but also may pass on positive welfares for future generations. Assessment of Learning Needs The learning group involved six children between the ages of eight to ten. None of the children were diagnosed with learning disabilities, behavior problems or special needs, however one of the children reported having asthma and one child used eye glasses. No other health issues were identified. Ethnic considerations were taken nto account and cultural diversity was limited. School age children are capable of logical reasoning and learn best through their senses. It is important to use learning activities that stimulate their senses. Activities should be interesting and meaningful. School age children like to play games and role play is appropriate, also they like things that can be taken home with them, such as books and stickers. Learner Objectives The learning objectives are as follows: Affective Domain: The children will actively listen to their instructors presentation on nutrition and exercise while participating in a group project. Cognitive Domain: Each child will be able to state one benefit of proper nutrition and one benefit of daily exercise. Psychomotor Domain: Atter participating in a tlve minute exercise session correlated to music the children will be able to properly take their own heart rate with minimal assistance from the instructor. Teaching Plan As an instructor it is important to always be flexible in regards to the learning objectives and the teaching plan in an effort to meet the individual needs of each learner. The teaching plan will be implemented in the following order: ? Presentation n good nutrition and daily exercise to include the following health benefits: decreased risk of problems related to type II diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. Increased cognitive performance, sleep, and improved quality of life. ? Guidelines for good nutrition and exercise: eat a variety of foods every day to include, fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Decrease the amount of fatty, sugary foods and drinks consumed. Drink more water. Get 30-60 minutes of exercise daily. ? Instructions for obtaining your own heart rate: to locate your pulse on the side of the neck, place your irst two fingers, which are called the index and middle finger on the side of the neck in the hollow between the windpipe and the large muscle in the neck. Press lightly until you feel a pulse (These instructions may also be demonstrated by the instructor for a visual aid), count the pulse for one minute using a watch or a clock with a second hand. The number you count is your heart rate. The normal heart rate for school age children is 70-100 beats in a minute. To predict your maximum heart rate for exercise you deduct your age from the number 220, for example if you are 10 years old use the formula 220 10 = 210. This would be your maximum heart rate during exercise. It is recommended that your heart rate not go above this number during exercise. It is important to talk with your primary care provider before starting an exercise program. Evaluation of Teaching and Learning The final phase of the health promotion teaching plan is the evaluation of components. The teaching plan was clear, concise, and engrossed on the learner in the targeted age group. Any registered nurse, school teacher, or social worker who follows the format of this plan would have the ability to teach this topic to school age hildren, with the subsidiary materials from the following web sites; health fitness food for thought, evidence based health promotion program for schools, teaching school age children, and pulse and target heart rate. In an effort to evaluate if the learners objectives were met, each child was asked to state one benefit of good nutrition and one benefit of daily exercise and received instructions on taking their own pulse. At the end of the teaching session all six children were able to correctly state one benefit of good nutrition and one benefit of daily exercise; also, after five inutes of exercise to music all the children were able to properly take their own heart rate with minimal assistance from the instructor, thus meeting the objective for the psychomotor domain. During the presentation of the teaching plan the children were good active listeners and participated in answering questions. It was interesting to know one out of the six children reported exercising with a parent one time weekly for an evening walk. Three children reported getting most of their exercise at school during gym and recess and two girls in the group reported that they participated in dance at a local dance studio. When questioned about activities during the summer two of the children were noted to have passes to the local high school pool, which allowed them to swim daily from 12:00 noon until 6:00 pm. One d reported that ne will attend a daily camp while his parents are at work and three children reported that they spend their days at a sitter until their parents come home from work. All of the children reported playing video games of some sort. When asked if they had a time limit for playing video games, one child reported that he did not have a limit, two children had limits of no longer than 45 minutes three imes a day, two children had limits of one hour two times a day, and one child had the restriction of playing video games on the weekend for 40 minutes at a time and could play the games no more than five times. When questioned concerning nutrition attitudes and habits at the beginning of the session, four children reported eating fast food three times a week or more. One child said l only get to eat at Mac Donalds when my mom doesnt want to cook. Another child made the statement I can only eat at Mac Donalds sometimes; because my mom says it makes people fat. The children were asked to raise their hand if they thought it was healthy to eat at Mac Donalds every day. Four of the six children raised their hands. The health promotion teaching plan was held at the Stockart Youth Center in a safe facility, where we had use of the gymnasium and a classroom. At the end of the program each child was given a healthy snack that consisted of apples and bananas with peanut butter dip, pretzels, and milk, water was also offered. Take home bags were made for the children and consisted of crayons and a coloring book, literature containing tips for parents regarding good nutrition and daily exercise, one free icket to attend a dance hip hop session for beginners at a local dance studio, and one voucher foe a free smoothie at a local health food shop. References Health fitness food for thought. (2012). Retrieved from www. parentguidenews. com/ catalog/healthfitness/foodforthought Evidence based health promotion programs for schools. (2011). Retrieved from www. health. nt. gov. au/library Health and target heart rate-Cleveland clinic. (2011). Retrieved from my. cleavland clinic. org/heart/prevention/ exercise/pulsethr. aspx Teaching school age children. (2012). Retrieved from www. euromedinfo. eu/teaching-school age-children. html

About Architect Michael Graves and Postmodernism

About Architect Michael Graves and Postmodernism Architect Michael Graves postmodernist designs were provocative and innovative. He brought color and playfulness to tall, office buildings, while at the same time designing everyday objects such as teakettles and kitchen trashcans for ordinary consumers. Paralyzed late in life, Graves also become a spokesman for universal design and Wounded Warriors. Background: Born: July 9, 1934 in Indianapolis, Indiana Died: March 12, 2015 in Princeton, New Jersey Education: University of Cincinnati, OhioHarvard UniversityFellow at the American Academy in Rome Important Buildings and Projects: Michael Graves home, New Jersey, now part of Michael Graves College at Kean University1982: Portland Building, Portland, Oregon1983: San Juan Capistrano Library, California1985: Humana Tower, Louisville, Kentucky1987-1990: The Dolphin and Swan Hotels, Orlando, Florida1990: Denver Public Library, Denver, Colorado1991: Team Disney Building, Burbank, California1993: U.S. Post Office, Celebration, Florida1995: Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio1997: United States Federal Courthouse, Washington, DC1998-2000; 2013-2014: Washington Monument Illumination, Washington, DC2011: The Wounded Warrior Home Project at Fort Belvoir More Than Architecture: Household Designs Michael Graves has designed furnishings, artifacts, jewelry, and dinnerware for companies such as Disney, Alessi, Steuben, Phillips Electronics, and Black Decker. Graves is most famous for designing more than 100 products, ranging from a toilet brush to a $60,000 outdoor pavilion, for Target stores. Related People: Robert Venturi and Denise Scott BrownPhilip JohnsonPart of the New York Five,   subject of the MoMA exhibition and book Five Architects, along with Peter Eisenman, Charles Gwathmey,  Richard Meier and John HejdukDisney Architects Michael Graves Illness: In 2003, a sudden illness left Michael Graves paralyzed from the waist down. Confined to a wheelchair late in life, Graves combined his sophisticated and often whimsical approach to design with a deeper understanding of the importance of accessibility. Awards: 1979: Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA)1999: National Medal of Arts2001: Gold Medal, American Institute of Architects (AIA) More About Michael Graves: Michael Graves is often credited with moving American architectural thought from abstract modernism to post-modernism. Graves founded his practice in Princeton, New Jersey in 1964 and taught at Princeton University in New Jersey for 40 years. His works range from grand projects such as the Public Services Building in Portland Oregon to designs for furniture, teapots, and other household items. Borrowing heavily from the past, Graves often combined traditional details with whimsical flourishes. He was, perhaps, at his most playful when he designed the Dolphin and Swan Hotels for the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. The Dolphin Hotel is a turquoise and coral pyramid. A 63-foot-dolphin sits on top, and water cascades down the side. The Swan Hotel has a gently curved roof-line topped with 7-foot swans. The two hotels are connected by an awning-sheltered walkway over a lagoon. What Others Say About Graves: Michael couldn’t abide students who didn’t take their work seriously. But he was especially generous with those who did, and unlike most other teachers, he could draw every building he taught them. He was a consummate talent, an artist-architect, and a teacher who challenged how we think by how we see. Very few can do that. Very few ever try. Michael did try, and therein is the mark of a hero, a master of the discipline who passed on everything he knew.- Peter Eisenman, 2015 Learn More: Five Architects: Eisenman, Graves, Gwathmey, Hejduk, Meier Sources: Peter Eisenman quote from A Special Tribute to Michael Graves: 1934–2015 by Samuel Medina, Metropolis Magazine, May 2015; Michael Gravess Residence, Rejected by Princeton, Is to Be Sold to Kean University by Joshua Barone, The New York Times, June 27, 2016 at www.nytimes.com/2016/06/28/arts/design/michael-gravess-residence-rejected-by-princeton-set-for-sale-to-kean-university.html [accessed July 8, 2016]

The Legal and Ethical Environment of Business Master Essay

The Legal and Ethical Environment of Business Master - Essay Example As explained by the United States Supreme Court in Atlanta Motel v. United States, the purpose of the Act was that, All persons shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodations of any place of public accommodation, as defined in this section, without discrimination or segregation on the ground of race, color, or national origin (1964: np). The main issue was whether there was a valid Congressional interest in preventing the disruption of interstate commerce. The Supreme Court found that transient guests needed accommodations and that the restriction of accommodations to blacks was a very real disruption to the interstate travel of black citizens and therefore of interstate commerce. Our casino offers accommodations, indeed it is part of a larger group which is dependent on interstate commerce in order to sell our products and services, and it therefore falls within the scope of interstate commerce. In addition, many of our Arab customers are, in fact, transient guests. Any recommendation that encourages discrimination or segregation would almost certainly violate the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Even our restaurants are covered by these prohibitions. In Katzenbach v.

Case Study 3 - TechSoup Global and NetSquared Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

3 - TechSoup Global and NetSquared - Case Study Example According to Greenberg (2009) NPOs particularly benefit from social media as compared to traditional communication methods mainly because communication via social media brings prospects for the organization costs getting lowered along with the lowering of cost of delivering services. Also the idea of being a part of the emergence of new social patters is highly promising for the Non Profit Organizations as compared to association with the conventional traditional communication means. Merilainen (2011) narrates that since the main aim of NPOs and NGOs is to make their point of views prevalent into the public and to political agendas communication is extremely essential for them. The main aim is to involve public opinion into their proposed changes and thoughts and gain favor from the masses. This purpose is served without the involvement of any finances via social media. The propagation via social media is also thought to get more responses since people can affirm their opinions and s upport free of cost and they do not have to physically get involved in the scenario. This flexibility of use promotes the involvement of public. ... Social networks are forums where all kinds of individuals and organizations make the impression of their virtual entity. Entertainment personnel and politicians make use of the popularity and widespread reach of the Social Networks and social media. They are usually active on these communication mediums and can therefore be reached very easily via it. Common public is also one of the potential audiences that the NPOs would try to reach. The promoting of their causes would be done well if the support of the common masses is with them. Regarding the potential means of accessing NPO audiences via Social Networks and Social Media Lassila (2010) mentions that Social Network Services incorporate viral marketing as one of their main marketing strategies. It is via viral marketing only that Non Profit Organizations are enabled to reach massive number of audiences. The author quotes the example of American Red Cross who incorporated the SNS viral marketing strategy and spread their messages t o their audiences via their celebrity followers on twitter. Inside Facebook.com's author Smith advises the NPO's marketers that the trusted referrals within social media are the most powerful marketing message. Via viral marketing available in Social Media NGOs and NPOs can segment their target audience groups based on persons' interests. This way the audience feel the messages of the NPOs to be more personalized and get inclined towards them. Via the viral messaging to all kinds of audiences on social media the NGOs can also tell about their donation possibilities (Regan, 2011). One advantage of this strategy is that personal presentations of the NPOs get enhanced as a result of it

Economies for Native Americans Pre and Post Colonization

Economies for Native Americans Pre and Post Colonization What was the nature of Native American economies prior to European colonization? How did Native Americans impact colonial economies? The Native American communities, prior to the arrival of the colonists were not homogenous, and as such there is no one set of factors that encompassed all of their different societal and economic structures. However there were a few major components which had significant impacts. First, many of the communities lived in densely settled agricultural societies which facilitated a fairly prosperous environment. As Nash points out, evolving from a previously nomadic existence, along with the domestication of plants, allowed for a 1% change of land cultivation to produce â€Å"enormous increase[s] in the food supply† (p 11). These urban centric communities afforded the residents a high standard which were in some places, were quite affluent. This environment also allowed for the division of labor to increase the economic resources, for in addition to agriculture, food gathering, game hunting and fishing were also prevalent. Another component, as verified by archeological evidence, shows us that these various communities traded quite extensively, often creating vast networks linked together via water and in-land routes. One example Nash highlights are the Mound builders of the Ohio River Valley (p 13). Also prevalent, especially in the Iroquois nation, was the communal nature of property. This reciprocal principle allowed for an increased possibility in the accumulation of goods, which when shared, raised the quality of life for the whole group. These factors had a significant impact on the early colonial economies since they allowed the newcomers to benefit from structures already in place. One of the most notable is trade, which in addition to the exchange of food, also included items such as beaver skins and deer hides. Agricultural knowledge added great valued, as the colonists were not familiar with many of the plant varieties available in the New World. At the time, war was a common occurrence and interaction with different Native American groups allowed the colonists to offset some costs. Not quite as well understood, even though we know it existed, was a labor component supplied by the indigenous groups. And lastly the Native Americans had a form of money, â€Å"wampum† which facilitated trade and added to economic system of the new settlers. Who comprised the colonial labor force in the U.S., and what were the most important kinds of work arrangements? According to Hughes and Cain, in the later part of the 18th century, the labor force in the colonies was focused mostly on primary production, which employed approximately nine-tenths of the population (7th edition, p 30-31). The most common occupations were: agriculture, fishing, mining and timbering along with ship building. Yet when broken down by region we can see that artisans made up between one-third and one-half of those employed in the more commercial cities such as Boston, New York, Newport and Philadelphia. Common occupations among these artisans were milling, leather tooling, woodworking, distilling, sugar refining, hat making and spinning (p 30). Even though many occupations were represented, there was a significant lack of available labor. Native American labor was fairly limited, leaving the colonists to supply the larger share. This scarcity was reflected in the early days of the settlements when work was required for all the lower classes, as well as men between 12 and 60, and single women between 12 and 40, (p 42–43). As time progressed and more settlers came over, the labor market segmented into three main categories – free labor, indentured servants and slaves. In the early days, between 1630 and 1776, about one-third to one-half the population came as indentured servants. These were for the most part English nationals although a few Germans migrated as well. These early arrangements for indentured servants were negotiated by the shippers who allowed for free passage, but then sold the work contracts for these individuals on the docks. Prices for these individuals were variable and usually driven by whether they were literate, their age, sex, and occupation. It should also be noted that when the British labor market was in bad shape, there were strong incentives to come to the New World and work as an indenture servant. However, right as the labor conditions started to improve in England, was when the cost of passage across the Atlantic began to decrease. This scenario drove up the cost of indentured labor, making it no longer as attractive, while at the same time made the decreasing cost of slave labor more desirable. Were American colonists economically exploited by the British prior to the American Revolution? As noted in Hughes and Cain, prior to the Revolution, Americans had â€Å"achieved a level of affluence at least as great as their British cousins† with incomes (in 2000 prices) in the range of $3,875 to $7,250 per capita (p 51). In addition they note that Britain was spending considerable sums on military protection and administration for the colonies, as well as carrying a significant trade deficit (p 56). These and other factors give evidence to indicate that on the eve of the Revolution, thanks in part to contributions from the English, Americans were already among the wealthiest citizens in the world. To make the situation even more beneficial to those living in the colonies, almost everyone, even the ‘poor’, had some tangible goods, whether it be land or high wages; a situation almost unheard of in other nations at the time. Contributing to these conditions were England’s mercantilist policies, as prior to the Revolution these regulations casts a shadow on the output and production of the colonies. The British government’s laws regarding trade, specifically the Navigation Acts of 1651, 1660, 1662 1663, prescribed conditions which benefited both England and to a large extent, the colonies themselves. Part of the stipulated requirements were that all trading vessels must carry a crew comprised of three-fourths English or American sailors, all foreign trade must pass through English ports and that certain ‘enumerated goods’ (usually colonial commodities) could only be sold to British buyers. These actions gave the colonists not only privileged access to British markets, but were also in addition to generous subsidies by the English as well. As Hughes and Cain note, these subsidies, tax rebates, tariffs and quotas both protected and encouraged American industries and did so at the expense of other markets (p 69). To try and state empathic whether the American colonists were economically exploited, is impossible as the interactions between the two entities were so interconnected. However, both benefited and made gains from the other, but also chafed at the yearnings for power that each side longed to acquire as they continued to seek economic growth in new markets.

African Americans in the Civil War Essay

The role African Americans played in the outcome, and the road to the outcome of the Civil War was immense. The fact that the south had slaves and the north did not played an enormous role in the issues. The north wanted to abolish slavery, and the south did not and after the war started this became one of the main reasons for the Civil War. Since most African Americans could not read or write, this made them an easy target, for slavery, against the dominant white man. Once the slaves got to America they started to realize how much trouble they were actually in. The north and the south had a problem brewing, and that was due to the slave uprisings and the run a ways. African Americans played an enormous role in the outcome of the Civil War because of the part they took in it. The civil war, which took place from 1861 to the 1920s, the African American community made tremendous strides toward them becoming apart of America and equals in America. Since they had been controlled by the power of the whites for so long, their independence was extremely unfamiliar to them, with their new emancipation. Since they were so uncertain, they debated about the most effect way to go about actually receiving the rights they deserved. They did not just want to be inferior Negros. Some African Americans thought the actual approach would be to go along with the submissive status the whites held them to, so they could earn their respect until fairness pervaded. Others were more wishful with their thinking and thought the military would make whites surrender and give blacks their basic rights. Those who were still they are thought that no progress would ever come. These blacks decided that it was essential to escape the shackles and cruel attitudes toward blacks. The civil war initially began to save the Union. At the start of the war slave masters were terribly scared that the slaves would run to join the Union and help the war efforts. To subsidize the problem, most owner enforced harsh restrictions on their slaves. Some owners even moved their whole plantations inland to avoid any contact with the outside northerners. This did not stop the slaves one bit though, this just caused more slave to flee to the north. The slaves that did decide to stay just demanded more freedom from their masters. Some would say the ones that stayed even gained more power; this forced their masters to give them offerings in exchange for work. The issues of emancipation and military service were intertwined from almost the beginning of the war. News from Fort Sumter made African Americans rush to enlist in military units. They were all turned away since there was a law dating from 1792 that kept African Americans from joining the U. S. army. In Boston disappointed African Americans met and passed a resolution that requested the Government to modify its laws to permit them to enlist. Then Lincoln’s Second Confiscation Act was passed. The act stated that, Confederates who did not surrender with in sixty days of the acts passage were to be punished by having their slaves freed. The Militia Act was also passed. This act stated African Americans were allowed to fight in the war. These two acts together thoroughly punished rebel slaveholders. The African Americans that enlisted both fought in the front lines and worked behind the scenes labor jobs. All these rights that the African Americans were receiving inspired them to return home and free their families and friends. Some of them even started living in the plantations that they used to be slaves of. They took them over and began their own cropping. Some of the other plantations had been left to older disabled white woman, when the men had left for the Confederate army. All of this led to the separation of slave labor in the south After trying terribly hard to keep the issue of slavery out of the war, the North decided to start enlisting African Americans to help them fight in the war. The Fifty-Fourth regiment was created by the Union Army, and was the only all black unit. This Union in particular contributed to the war efforts of the North and showed a new found power among blacks. The regiment started when John Andrew sent a request to the secretary of war, Edwin Stanton, to create a volunteer regiment of African Americans (3). African Americans from all over the country joined. To help recruit even further they called for help from African American leaders like, Frederick Douglas and William Wells Brown. In just two months over one thousand African Americans, one from at least every state, had enlisted in the regiment. The leader of the regiment would not be black though, they wanted the superior officer to have some certain credentials. The job description posted read: â€Å"Young Man of Military Experience Of firm antislavery principles, ambitious, Superior to the vulgar contempt of color Having Faith in the capacity of colored men for military purpose† (2) The man picked for the job was Robert Shaw. The African American regiment and their captain set off for Beaufort, South Carolina on May 28, 1863 (1). They were to attack Fort Wagner, which was a vital key to Charleston. They only way to storm the fort was to go through loads and loads of Confederates. The sheer size of the Confederates to the Fifty- Fourth regiment was an obstacle in itself. The regiment knew the amount of obstacles they would have to overcome to achieve a victory and yet they kept marching. Shaw and a few men marched to the top of the parapet, and there Shaw was shot and killed. Though this was almost a complete disaster for the regiment they had set a path for future African American soldiers. Frederick Douglas said, â€Å"Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letter, U. S. , let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder and bullets in his pocket, there is no power on earth that can deny that he has earned the right to citizenship. † One thousand seventy-nine African Americans had served in the Civil War. They served in both the U. S. Army and about two thousand served in the Navy. By the time the war was over, forty thousand had died in battle and thirty thousand had died of disease and infection. African American soldiers performed all the jobs needed to run an army. They also served as carpenters, chaplains, cooks, guards, laborers, nurses, scouts, spies, steamboat pilots, surgeons, and teamsters (4). There were nearly 80 black commissioned officers (4). Harriet Tubman was the most famous spy; she served for the 2nd South Carolina Volunteers. Tubman decided to help the Union Army because she wanted freedom for all of the people who were forced into slavery, not just the few she could help by herself. And she convinced many other brave African Americans to join her as spies, even at the risk of being hanged if they were caught (4). Among Harriet Tubman were many other African American women who served as nurses, spies and scouts. Although, no women were allowed to formally join the army. When black troops were captured by the confederate soldiers, they faced harsher punishments than the white troops. In 1863 the Confederate Congress threatened to punish officers of African American troops and enslave the African Americans, if they were captured. As a result of this, President Lincoln issued General Order 233, which threatened payback on Confederate prisoners of war, if they mistreated African American troops. This order did scare the Confederates a little, but African American soldiers were still treated harsher than whites. In one of the worst examples of this abuse, Confederate soldiers shot to death black Union soldiers, captures at Fort Pillow, TN, in 1864(). Confederate General Nathan B. Forrest witnessed it all and did nothing to stop it. The President, Abraham Lincoln, issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. This proclamation eventually led to the freedom of all slaves. The document officially made free all bondsmen in the areas of the Confederacy that were still in rebellion. Slavery although was not abolished in the Border States, Tennessee, or the Union occupied areas of Louisiana and Virginia. The proclamation only affected the states in rebellion, so after the efforts it didn’t actually free any slaves. On the other hand, it did strengthen the Northern war efforts, because they knew they were fighting for a cause. Over five hundred thousand slaves had escaped to the North by the end of the civil war. Many of the escapees joined the Union Army, which tremendously increased its power. As a result of the Emancipation Proclamation, the thirteenth Amendment was created. The Amendment created on December 18, 1865, legally freed all slaves still in bondage. The final step the Emancipation Proclamation was to depress England and France from arriving to the war on the side of the South. England and France wanted to enter the war on the South side, because the South had supplied them both with cotton and tobacco. England and Frances stance changed when they heard that the war had changed to a fight over slavery. Both nations were opposed to slavery, so ended up giving their support to the Union. That led to the winning of the fight for freedom. Juneteenth was the day created to celebrate the emancipation, when the slaves heard about it that midsummer. The holiday is still celebrated today. Abraham Lincoln said, â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half-slave and half-free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved. I do not expect the house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other. â€Å"(3) African Americans along with the rest of the Union were fighting for this freedom and equality that Abraham Lincoln, was talking about. African American contributions were not limited to the role of working the fields in the south or supplying labor for industry in the north. Many African Americans in both south and north participated in either direct or supporting roles in the military. The War Between the States proved to be a war fought for democracy. The liberation that the slaves had been waiting for, recovered the ideas that founded the United States of America. All men were equal under the law. Since, the African Americans made such a persistent effort the changes were made more quickly. Africans pushed for their own emancipation by resisting their masters and other labor tasks. Although a formal Emancipation Proclamation and Thirteenth Amendment freed blacks in America, it would be a long time before they received all the rights they deserved. The minds of Americans had been so engrained with racism only decades of hard work would lessen this. Works Cited 1) Freeman, Elsie, Wynell Burroughs Schamel, and Jean West. â€Å"The Fight for Equal Rights: A Recruiting Poster for Black Soldiers in the Civil War. † Social Education 56, 2 (February 1992): 118-120. 2) â€Å"Blacks in the Civil War. †. Colorado College. Web. 3 Mar 2013.

The Necklace By Guy De Maupassant - 934 Words

During the nineteenth century countries around the globe were primarily governed by royalties. There were many important figures like kings and queens all throughout Europe. Every person’s dream during this era was becoming part of the high-class and the elite. This epoch was full of controversial changes between the social statuses of citizens. An important bourgeois role model during this time period was Guy de Maupassant, who wrote one of the most influential short stories of this century. â€Å"The Necklace†, written by Guy de Maupassant, illustrates elements of fiction such as the symbolism of the necklace because of Mme. Loisel’s desire to be rich, irony due to the twist ending, and a powerful theme. Firstly, the necklace Mme. Loisel borrows and her perspective symbolizes the desire she has towards being wealthy and important in society. Maupassant describes effectively the aspiration Mme. Loisel had on being from the nobility all through the story by illus trating the greediness she portrays on the story. Mme. Loisel is greedy on this story due to the fact that she is never happy with what her husband can give to her and she always wants more and more. Moreover, Mme. Loisel thinks that the more money a person had the more valuable a person was. In â€Å"The Necklace†, Guy de Maupassant indirectly conveys Mme. Loisel’s real background at the beginning of the story when he points out, â€Å"She was one of those pretty and charming girls, born by a blunder of destiny in a family ofShow MoreRelatedThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant863 Words   |  4 PagesThe short story â€Å"The Necklace† written by Guy De Maupassant, tells the story of a married couple who live an average lifestyle together in France—when one day everything in their lives changes due to a simple decision. The author aims to show the reader the power of decision making when faced to decide between needs, wants, honesty and untruthfulness and how every decision we choose to make affect our lives in ways we never thought possible. In the first few lines of the story, the narrator introducesRead MoreThe Necklace by Guy de Maupassant1034 Words   |  5 Pagesregret which Guy de Maupassant depicts throughout â€Å"The Necklace.† Guy de Maupassant, a French writer, born in 1850, was considered one of France’s greatest short-story writers. His writings were mostly influenced by the divorce of his parents when he was thirteen years old and by great writers such as Shakespeare, Schopenhauer, and Flauber. His parent’s divorce caused his stories to depict unhappiness of matrimony, deceit, miscommunication, and a profound misunderstanding (Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893)Read MoreThe Necklace by Guy De Maupassant1367 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Being Honest is Always Best† Telling the truth will always prevent future conflicts. Author Guy De Maupassant who lived from 1850 to 1893 proves in the story of â€Å"The Necklace,† that no matter how bad a situation is, speaking with the truth is always best. Now, this author does not prove this theme directly. Instead, throughout various situations in the story the main characters are faced with a long-term conflict because decisions were not made with honesty. Mathilde and Loisel who is her husbandRead MoreThe Necklace, by Guy de Maupassant791 Words   |  4 Pagescharacterized by other people. In â€Å"The Necklace† Mme. Loisel is a beautiful woman with a decent life, and a husband that loves her, and only wants to make her happy. She is not rich but she makes it along, she insists of a better, wealthier life. When her husband gets her invited to a ball, she feels the need for a brand new fancy dress and tons of jewelry. When the couple realizes they cannot afford jewelry as well, they searc h out to borrow her friend, Mme. Forestiers’ necklace. She comes to notice she noRead MoreThe Necklace, By Guy De Maupassant966 Words   |  4 PagesIn Guy De Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace,† Mathilde is a 19th century French woman who desires a wealthier lifestyle than she can acquire. She is completely indulged in the material possessions of life and is focused on the items she does not have rather than what she owns. It seems her happiness is entirely dependent on wealth and status. She neglects her husband and is never content with what he can offer. Eventually, Mathilde’s struggles of envy, selfishness, and materialism drive her to poverty.Read MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1381 Words   |  6 Pagesstories are â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant and â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† by James Thurber. â€Å"The Necklace† was about a materialistic woman who faced consequences because of her envious personality and â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† was about a man who experienced daydreams randomly throughout the day. Although both short stories used literary elements, Guy de Maupassant utilized them for readers to understand and enjoy the story more than James Thurber. â€Å"The Necklace† was a short storyRead MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1093 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the short story titled â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant, it is clear that the main themes being stressed are pride versus greed, and that things are not quite what they appear. Each of these things are represented throughout the story in some way, whether it be using animated language or symbolism. It is also clear that background information clearly aided the development of the themes Maupassant incorporated throughout the passage. It is seen throughout the story that the main characterRead MoreThe Necklace, By Guy De Maupassant999 Words   |  4 PagesIn Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace,† readers experience Mathilde Loisel’s life-changing event. Coming from nobility, de Maupassant tells the story of luxurious desire through the eyes of the middle class woman Mathilde. Mathilde constantly dreams of living the life of the upper class, and this prohibits her from acting in reality. Mathilde’s internal struggle for a sense of social royalty shows readers how quickly selfish pride destroys a person’s life. Throughout the course of â€Å"The NecklaceRead MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1019 Words   |  5 PagesIn the short story of â€Å"The Necklace†, the author Guy de Maupassant is a creative and intriguing tale which reveals a person s dreams of a luxurious lifestyle with countless materialistic possessions. He has skillfully developed the story into a mystery which reveals itself at the end. The main point in the story is that materialism can distort your view of happiness and fulfillment. It is wrong to be materialistic to the extent that you disregard what you already have and lose everything. MathildeRead MoreThe Necklace, By Guy De Maupassant823 Words   |  4 Pagesbe totally unhappy, â€Å"She was a simple person without the money to dress well, but she was as unhappy as if she had gone through bankruptcy, for a woman have neither rank nor race†(Maupassant 7). Loisel s sorrow over wealth and fancy things puts a constant pain on her husband. In Guy de Maupassant short story â€Å"The Necklace,† Mathlide Loisel goes from being a materialistic, dishonest woman to becoming an honest, hard-working woman. At the beginning of the story, Mathlide Loisel is a raging, spoiled

Journalism Reporting on the Courts

So youve gotten a handle on covering a basic police story, and now you want to follow a case as it winds its way through the criminal justice system. Welcome to the courthouse beat! Covering the courts is one of the most challenging and fascinating beats at any news operation, one rich with human drama. The courtroom, after all, is very much like a stage in which the actors - the accused, the attorneys, the judge and jury - all have their roles to play. And, depending on the severity of the alleged crime, the stakes can be enormously high when the defendants freedom - or even his life - are at issue. Here, then, are some steps to follow when you decide to visit your local courthouse to cover a trial. Pick the Right Courthouse to Visit There are courts of varying jurisdictions scattered across the country, from the smallest local court that deals with little more than traffic ticket disputes to the nations highest court, the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. It may be tempting to get your feet wet by visiting a small local court, sometimes known as a municipal court. But, depending on where you live, these very small courts are often fairly limited in scope. It may be interesting to watch people bicker over traffic tickets for a few minutes, but eventually youll want to move on to bigger things. Generally the best place to start is a state superior Court. This is a court where trials for serious crimes, otherwise known as felonies, are heard. State superior courts are where most trials are heard, and are where most court reporters ply their trade. Changes are theres one in the county seat where you live. Do Research Before You Go Once youve found a state superior court in your area, do as much research as you can. For instance, if theres a highly publicized trial thats been covered in the local media, read up on it before you go. familiarize yourself with everything about the case - the accused, the alleged crime, the victims, the lawyers involved (both the prosecution and the defense) and the judge. You can never know too much about a case. If you dont have a specific case in mind, visit the court clerks office to see what trials are being heard on the day you plan to visit (this list of cases is sometimes known as the docket.) Once youve decided which case you want to cover, get as many of the documents associated with that case from the clerk as possible (you may have to pay photocopying costs.) Remember, a good portion of the story you write will be background material: the who, what, where, when, why and how of the case. So the more of that you have ahead of time, the less confused youll be when youre in the courtroom. When You Go Dress Appropriately: T-shirts and jeans may be comfortable, but they dont convey a sense of professionalism. You dont necessarily have to show up in a three-piece suit or your best dress, but wear the kind of clothes that would be appropriate in, say, an office. Leave the Weapons At Home: Most courthouses have metal detectors, so dont bring anything thats likely to set off alarms. As a print reporter all you need is a notebook and a few pens anyway. A Note About Cameras Recorders: Laws can vary from state to state, but generally are pretty restrictive about bringing cameras or recorders into a courtroom; check with the court clerk before you go to see what the rules are where you live. Once in the Court Take Thorough Notes: No matter how much pre-trial reporting you do, chances are youll find courtroom proceedings a bit confusing at first. So take good, thorough notes, even about things that dont seem that important. Until you understand whats really going on, it will be hard for you to judge whats important - and whats not. Make Note of Legal Terms You Dont Understand: The legal profession is filled with jargon - legalese - that, for the most part, only lawyers fully understand. So if you hear a term you dont know, make note of it, then check the definition online or in a legal encyclopedia when you get home. Dont ignore a term just because you dont understand it. Watch For Moments of Real Drama: Many trials are long period of relatively boring procedural stuff punctuated by brief moments of intense drama. Such drama could come in the form of an outburst from the defendant, an argument between an attorney and the judge or the expression on the face of a juror. However it happens, these dramatic moments are bound to be important when you finally write your story, so take note of them. Do Reporting Outside The Courtroom: Its not enough to faithfully transcribe what happens in the courtroom. A good reporter has to do just as much reporting outside the court. Most trials have several recesses through out the day; use those to try to interview the attorneys on both sides to get as much background as you can about the case. If the lawyers wont talk during a recess, get their contact information and ask if you can call or e-mail them after the trial has ended for the day.